Stopping a Friend from Suicide - 640 Words

If a close friend of mine came to me and said: I know you are studying abnormal psychology and I was wondering if you could help me. My roommate has been making some vague comments about wanting to die and once even said that she wanted to kill herself. I dont know if this is a real problem and if I should take it seriously, or if she is just saying this stuff to blow off steam or get attention. And I dont want to make it worse by asking about it. I dont know what to do†. From the information I have obtained and learned in abnormal psychology about suicide I would give my friend the most appropriate helpful advice I could give. I am far from a professional but would try my best at helping out a friend. Starting off with explaining exactly what suicide is. Suicide is the voluntary act of causing one’s own departure. There are four kinds of people who commit suicide, its important to know this because it can be used to help treat and help the person. They include the death seekers, those who intend on going through the act of suicide. Death initiators, those who believe they are simply moving up the process of death because it’s unavoidable. Death ignorers, those who do not fully understand the finality of death. Death darers, those who is unsure about the wish to die even if they attempt suicide. Risk or protective factors for suicide that might be important in understanding how â€Å"at risk† the person is would be a variation of factors at play. Risk factors areShow MoreRelatedThe Suicide Health Prevention Hotline996 Words   |  4 PagesSuicide has always been looked down upon and people would do just about everything in their willpower to prevent it. There are plenty methods to avert people from committing suicide such as the suicide health prevention hotline, support groups, friends, and family. However, all these methods are not as resourceful when the person is already dying. And, if the one who wants to commit suicide is lying in their death bed enduring an excruciating pain, then do the people who oppose suicide have the rightRead MoreStopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening1556 Words   |  7 Pageswriting strategy is present in Frost’s poem, â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,† from the 1928 collection, West-Running Brook. Here, Frost cr eates a good example of a Rubaiyat stanza that is broken into four sections totaling sixteen lines. From the moment we meet the narrator, we are aware that his persona is suspicious, from his inspections of the winter surrounding, to the focus on his odd behavior and the final reminder of a plan. What â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† deeply concernsRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Should Not Be Legalized1194 Words   |  5 PagesThe subject of legalizing physician-assisted suicide is hotly debated these days. There have been many high profile cases including Dr. Jack Kevorkian in the 90’s to the young Oregonian Brittany Maynard who ended her life just this year. Physician-assisted suicide is currently legal in Oregon, Washington, and Montana. However, even where legal, it is unethical for medical professionals to engage in assisting patients to end their lives. There are many good alternatives to physician-assisted deathRead MoreMy First Statement True Is It Something That Can Be Lost?1506 Words   |  7 Pagesare two sides to every story. Focusing on a hot button, a specific news topic we find happening more often in the past years is suicide bombing. As unfortunate as it is to hear or see the acts taking place, when you hear about them, they are greeted with the stereotype; cowardly. In the middle east, suicide bombing is extremely rampant. However, this is a version of suicide bombing that we have not seen before. Does it sadly though, make the act any less courageous? In the United States, the generalRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : Controversial Healthcare And Political Realms Alike1218 Words   |  5 Pages Physician-Assisted Suicide Elissa Munoz-Tucker University of Arizona Abstract Physician-assisted suicide is controversial in healthcare and political realms alike. Currently, this end-of-life option is practiced in five states within the United States. Social concerns regarding assisted suicide revolve around ethical quandaries; providing the means to a patient’s death is contradictory to ethical principles of healthcare providers. Political concerns surroundingRead MoreAssisted Suicide : A Controversial Issue880 Words   |  4 PagesAssisted suicide is a very controversial subject in the healthcare world and like most things there are a lot of areas that are not written in black and white. Though assisted suicide is only legal in five states it is still practiced all across the United States. In most cases, little to no information is provided to the families and the terminally ill patients on what assisted suicide truly is and what it not. It all has to do with the intent, but most conversations are reduced to a wink or nodRead MoreThe Cause Death Of Suicide1495 Words   |  6 PagesDeath. Have you ever lost a family or a friend to suicide? Many people and even I will answer this question with â€Å"yes.† The rate of death, caused by suicide, in the world is way too high. Scientist are relating most of these deaths to teens and retired army members. Every year suicide rates keep climbing. The world need to find a better solution to stopping or lower the rates of suicide. Suicide is a huge social issue that is effecting not only friends and family but, the nation. Suicidal thoughtsRead MoreProblems With Social Media Essay1343 Words   |  6 Pagesthe internet that try to harm people with rude or hateful messages and even misuse personal information. Cyberbullying causes a big issue in society, often leading to stress, anger, and even suicide. To get started, Cyberbullying causes stress on a lot of people, not just the person getting bullied, their friends and their families to. Everyone around the victim must put up with what the cyberbully has done to the person. It can cause the same amount of stress or even more than being bullied in personRead MoreMaking Cyberbullying a Criminal Offense695 Words   |  3 Pagesoffense because it is causing suicides for youth, government intervention is the only solution, and the bully should be punished instead of the victim. Being a recent issue, cyberbullying has seriously been taken for granted by society. Not only is it real and hurtful, but it is also leading to suicide as a result, especially for youth. From a survey taken by the Cyberbullying Research Center, 20% of around 2000 respondents reported seriously thinking about attempting suicide, and 19% did (Hinduja/Patchin)Read MoreEssay about Examining the Different Types of Euthanasia677 Words   |  3 PagesEuthanasia also called mercy killing is defined as the act of putting someone to die painlessly or allowing them to die. It is a power of life and death. A doctors method of ending a life to prevent intolerable suffering. For example a person suffering from an incurable disease being taken off life support and allowed to pass away. Murder on the other hand can be defined as the act of violence against another human being. For example a man being shot and killed. The victim dies at a time which is forced

Phil 201 Study Guide Essay - 2453 Words

STUDY GUIDE: LESSON 2 The Importance of Philosophy in General Lesson Overview Having discussed what philosophy is, we now consider why it is important to study philosophy. We will divide our discussion into 2 parts: (1) Why is it important for all persons in general and (2) Why is it specifically important for Christians to study philosophy? We begin, in true philosophic fashion, by examining the question itself: what we do mean by philosophy being important and we introduce the idea of the philosophic mindset. We then examine 5 reasons why it is important for all persons to adopt the philosophic mindset. We will end by providing an overview of the different branches of philosophy. Tasks Read and take notes from chapter 2 of†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ What are the 2 respects in which clarification is important? 1. Important that we are clear about what we believe for our own benefit. Out actions, motivations, and feelings are predicated on our beliefs, which means we need to be clear on what they are. 2. Clarifying terms and concepts is of utmost importance b/c our discussions about our beliefs are based on a shared understanding of what those terms and concepts mean. Make sure all are on the same page; everyone is clear on the meaning of terms involved so we understand we are talking about the same thing. †¢ Why is clarification important in philosophical discussions? So we don’t waste time in fruitless discussion. Be sure we are all talking about the same thing. †¢ Distinguish between the 2 kinds of arguing in 4 ways. ~If philosophy is the pursuit of truth, then arguing is the strategy that guides that pursuit. Arguing is a philosopher’s primary task; they love it. ~ They construct arguments, evaluate the arguments of others, and produce counterarguments against those arguments. 1. One type is the angry dispute argument, characterized by angry emotions. Attack opposing person. Goal of this argument is to win: show them we are right and they are wrong. Negative experience that we often avoid. 2. Second type is a dispute between competing ideas. This is the kind phil do. Rather than emotional, it is rational. SeekingShow MoreRelatedPhil 201 Study Guide Lesson 10 Essay864 Words   |  4 PagesStudy Guide: Lesson 10 What is Knowledge? Lesson Overview With this lesson, we begin a new unit on epistemology, which is the philosophical study of knowledge claims. In this first lesson on epistemology, we begin by examining the question â€Å"What do we mean when we say we know something?† What exactly is knowledge? We will begin with a presentation that introduces the traditional definition of knowledge. Wood then discusses some of the basic issues raised in the study of epistemology and thenRead MoreQuestions on Social Administration1228 Words   |  5 Pagesformer is empiricist as well as reformist in its approach to capitalist system while . The tradition influenced the labor policies of government. The latter, the Marxist tradition, critically abhors the welfare state and its aims for social change. (Phil Lee, Colin Raban, 2007). Brown (1969) defined Social administration as concerned with social problems and with the ways in which society responds to those problem (p.13). Problem solving becomes the rational approach in soc ial administration, asRead MoreEffective Leadership At The Field Of Emergency Management2465 Words   |  10 Pages Introduction The purpose of this paper is to examine effective leadership in the field of Emergency Management, and how their organizations handle the stresses of being an effective leader under crisis. I chose to case studies, and the titles are Office of Emergency Management fake press conference, and the other one is titled Rough day in Tornado Alley. The both titles will examine what each leader did or said in a crisis, and how their expectation from their staff was different. One leaderRead MoreWhat is Philosophy?1500 Words   |  6 PagesPHIL 201 Study Guide Lesson 1: What is Philosophy? Points 1) Three preliminary qualifications in studying philosophy – 1) it is impossible to distinguish rigidly and conclusively between what counts as a philosophical problem and what does not – borderline cases / 2) none of the characteristics we shall examine is unique to philosophy; each by itself may be found in another discipline (approximations that, when applied collectively, describe reasonably adequately a broad range of philosophicalRead MoreDescriptive Essay : Lest We Drift 1887 Words   |  8 Pagestempted to drift from Jesus and return to the Old Covenant, revering angels over the salvation in Christ. The writer persuades his audience that they must keep our eyes on the prize â€Å"lest we drift† (Hebrews 2:1, ESV) from our faith in Christ alone (Phil. 3:14). The writer uses God’s words to put things in perspective about the position of angels in comparison to Christ, showing that the New Covenant through Christ is superior to the Old Covenant: the refore, the benefits of following Christ far outweighRead MoreChurch Leadership2503 Words   |  11 PagesAllman, Bruce l22748411 CHMN 201 CO3 LUO 10/24/2010 CHURCH LEADERSHIP PAPER The subject of my evaluation, let’s call him Tb, an interesting young brother; converted at an early and called to be in the service of the lord almost immediately. His background speaks greatly of the way we should all strive to instruct our children in methods of behavior and interaction with others . He serves as the Youth Pastor at the church where I currentlyRead MoreDefinition Of Selected Food :2966 Words   |  12 Pagesmass units) shall not to exceed 0.02 percent by total weight of the product. As other ingredients serve as an avenue of alternative treatment, any such added ingredient must be a food or color additive that corresponds with the legislature of section 201 (s) or (t) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Another stipulation it must abide is that the additive must be used only in conformity of the protocols conventionally pursuant to FDCA sections 409 or 706. However, there are also strict guidelinesRead MoreEssay on Chmn 201 Exam 1 Study Guide2946 Words   |  12 PagesCHMN 201 Introduction to Church Ministries Exam 1 – STUDY GUIDE Be familiar with the following content from The Preface, Introduction, Appendix, Chapters 1-5 of â€Å"Living Out the Mind of Christ: Practical Keys to Discovering and Applying the Mind of Christ in Every Day Life† by Dr. Gutierrez Questions taken from the â€Å"PREFACE† of â€Å"Living Out the Mind of Christ† by Dr. Gutierrez †¢ According to Gutierrez (Preface), â€Å"It follows logically that the Book of Philippians teaches that theRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 Pages.......................................................... CHAPTER 13 Standards of Christian Living ......................................................... High Calling of God in Christ Jesus .............................................. Bible Study and Prayer .................................................................. Community Relationships ............................................................. Sabbathkeeping ....................................................................Read MoreJollibee Food Corporation Strategic Management10049 Words   |  41 Pagesindustry. The emergence of Fast food have been seen tremendously growing since the year 1921 when white castle in wichita Kansas U.S. the first hamburger chain was opened. Based from datamonitor, on 2009 the global fast food market has gro wn for over $201 billion revenues with a growth of 3.1 percent as compared in revenues 90 years ago. Reyes, S. (2011). Fast food industry: Keeping up with the changing lifestyle. Retrieve from http://www.ats-sea.agr.gc.ca/ase/5991-eng.htm, Accessed May 8, 2011 As the

World Bank Free Essays

Reform internal Goverance A. Introduction: â€Å"The World Bank has undergone significant change in its purpose and membership since its inception in 1944† (world bank, 2003). As a result, there are many people criticize regarding its current governance and accountability. We will write a custom essay sample on World Bank or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are discussed that bank’s governance system is undemocratic, largely because borrowing countries that are impacted the most by bank projects have minimal voice in bank’s decisions about loan and projects and the selection of the bank president is unilateral. The World Bank also lack of transparency in its decision making. And then, critics argue the bank’s members are unaccountable. â€Å"In April 2010, Management presented a set of operational and institutional reforms aimed to enhance the overall effectiveness, efficiency, legitimacy, and accountability of the WBG† (WB, 2010). Some of these reform areas have direct implications on the governance of the institution, from the perspective of Board / Management relations, institutional accountability, and relations with external stakeholders. AS a result the Bank uses the methods to solve the current problems, such as reforming the voting system and presidential selection and makes the bank’s accountability. B. Governance: â€Å"Since the World Bank was established over 60 years ago, its role in supporting economic and social development has expanded and deepened with changes in the global context and the evolution in the financial architecture†(Jeff, 2007). The focus on strengthening internal governance systems and structures is driven by external and internal forces. There is little of bank basic structure has been altered, even though the World Bank’s members have been changed considerably. The main problem of the World Bank’s governance is that developing country has weak link with bank’s decision making process, because they do not have their own executive director. â€Å"The World Bank’s internal governance mechanisms reflect the political and power relation which dominated World Bank’s politics in the decades following World War II. The five large shareholders in the Bank is the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France which maintain more than two-thirds of the voting power, effectively ensuring that decision reflect the policy views of America and western Europe†(Leech, D. 2003)). Developing countries influence on the Board of Executive Directors is limited. â€Å"The remaining 16 Board seats are split among 177† (Leech, D. (2003), this has the consist with large number of individual countries. People suggest two ways: one is reforming current voting system, and another is selecting the bank’s pr esident. 1. Reforming voting system: Many people argue the bank’s current voting system. When the executive board makes decision about loan or other policies, voting is not based on one vote per country rule. Voting power is weighted and is based on a country’s quota†(Leech, D. (2003). Under the current quota, â€Å"each country has base of 150 votes, the country which has good economic can add votes, it means one additional vote for each share of stock held by that country, which depend on that country’s relative economic and financial strength†(Daniel Kalinaki, 2002). For example, United State is a large shareholder, and it holds 16. 4% votes (see table below). Member of the country that holds large shares has more power than the poor country during decision making process. Unfortunately, the developing countries need more loans, but they have the least amount of voting power to make loan decision. The quota system dictates that a handful of developed countries hold a majority of shares, these members are able to dominate the bank’s decision making process. Table: Voting Weights and Voting Powers in the Governors Member countries have suggested proposal for reforming the voting system to Increase representation of the borrowing countries. Double majority voting is one reform that may enhance developing countries’ participation. Under this system, decision would require to pass by two majorities that are majority of shareholder votes and majority of developing countries votes†(World Bank Group, 2003). This would give developing countries more opportunities to say what they want to say, because decision would not pass without support with a majority. And this system also allows the industrialized donor countries and the developing reci pient countries to assert their claims. 2. Selection of the World Bank President The selection of president is another argument relating to bank governance. The board of governors selects the president for a five year, renewable term†( Jeff powell, 2007). According the bank’s Article of Agreement state: â€Å"Executive Directors shall select a president who shall be chief of operating staff of the bank and shall conduct, under the direction of the Executive Directors, the ordinary business of the bank†(World Bank Group, 2003), â€Å"the Board of Executive Directors selects the President, in practice the head of the Bank is selected by the United States while the head of the IMF is selected by Europe†( David Theis, 2010). This gentleman’s agreement between the US and Europe reduces the legitimacy and credibility of the World Bank. No clear procedures exists for ensuring the qualifications of a candidate, nor does a process exist for other member states to review and question appointments. The World Bank President should be selected through an open and transparent process. Now, many people and the global expert and world bank employees disagree the way the president choice and argue that the selection process should be a democratic, not only focuses on one country. They think that United States is no longer valid to be president because the united state account for 16% of the world bank’s share now, it does not play a dominate role in world bank. It is also unfair that united state hold a monopoly over the World Bank’s leadership. Many people give the advice to the World Bank for changing in the selection process. The one way they support is selecting process should be open and based on merit. They believe that opening up the selection process will ensue among qualified candidates’ and it also like a competition, which help the World Bank to get qualify president. The way is simulate new voting system. The new president should pass double majority. This means the president should be approved by a majority of the member countries and group of countries representing majority. This gives everyone opportunity to select who is the best president. The World Bank responses the working group and makes suggestion for selection process. The working group advice (1) the selection should oversee cannot focus on single country. (2) They should have a specific standard for choose candidates. (3) Every country has opportunity to provide candidates†(Daniel Kalinaki. 2002). The most important is candidate that was selected should have more experience and qualifications, and the selection process should be open and transparent. C. Accountability Critics argue that the Bank is u naccountable to its members, because they have charter which is immunity from lawsuits. The bank’s charter grants the bank immunity to the extent that member countries or persons who can not sue the bank about it do not follow its police. And it is fail to make it more accountable. Therefore, many people advice that the bank need to improve their accountable. If the bank cannot show their accountable, the member countries cannot trust what the bank does. As a result, the bank develop many horizontal accountability mechanisms which including the operation evaluation department, the department of institutional integrity. 1. Transparency While the Bank’s internal governance structures minimize the ability for developing countries to engage, the lack of transparency in decision making reduces the effectiveness of external stakeholders to engage in Bank affairs. The lack of Board transcripts leaves stakeholders with no way of knowing where individual Executive Directors stood on issues. This reduces their ability to effectively advocate their position. â€Å"In 1933, the Bank restricted public access to almost every type of document that related to bank’s project. Consequently, people do not know bank’s lending operation, nd they do not know where their money is going†(Jeff powell, (2007) Public scrutiny harm the bank’s decision making and effect its deliberation, the reason why they do is they think that the bank does not have the rights to disclose the documents. It is borrowing country’s property. When the number of public scrutiny and criticism increase, the bank attempts t o increase its transparency. The bank has expanded the information that allows public to access. As we can see, the bank uses its website to show public what it is doing and publish more research to people. The website that bank published shows the thing it will do, and annual report and presentation. The bank starts to improve transparency policy and create operations manual, and this change make the bank is more accountable to their member countries. It also creates many mechanisms to enhance horizontal accountability, which means department can check the abuses by other department. 2. Dual Feedback Performance Dual feedback performance is an important part to improve governance structure and accountability framework of WBG (World Bank Group). The feedback system is agreed by the executive directors, and it will be a part of WBG’s governance and accountability with next presidential selection round. The main object of Dual feedback performance is creating a dynamic relationship between Board and Management to improve in governance and effectiveness of the Board and president. A Committee on Governance and Administrative Matters (COGAM) Working Group composed of Board and Management representatives was established to work on developing a framework for the dual feedback performance of the Board and President. COGAM discussed a report from the Board members of the Working Group and endorsed the report as a significant input to continued work on the framework, which would be taken up by a renewed, integrated Board-Management Working Group in the next term of the Board† (World Bank Group, 2003). Dual feedback Performance can help each other to measure their performance and it can cause the governance of the bank mo re reliable. Each of department monitor other’s action and the bank will be dependable, because everyone is under the control, and there is less collusion between the departments. The Board and president wish to begin with a structured conversation on their respective effectiveness, measure against the institutional achievement as captured by the corporate scorecard. Conclusion: To improve the World Bank internal governance and ensuring the consistent with Department for International Development’s own objective, reform must take place at The Bank to achieve transparence and responsibility. An improved policy on information discloses would foster transparency and enables stakeholders to hold the Bank and their representatives to account. Improved selection procedures for the President alongside more equitable control among member states on the Board of Executive Directors would expand ownership of the organization to developing countries thereby increasing legitimacy and enhancing credibility and effectiveness and developing countries more opportunities to show their opinions. An improvement of Dual feedback performance helps the World Bank has more accountability to all departments; each of department can monitor each other and everything they is under the control. How to cite World Bank, Papers

Identifying Organic Compounds Lab free essay sample

The purpose of washing the test tubes thoroughly is so you don’t mix substances, which can cause your results to be inaccurate. Hypotheses: 1. If the test samples contain Protein, then in the presence of Biuret the color will turn to yellow, green, or lavender. 2. If the test samples contain Carbohydrates, then in the presence of Benedict’s color will turn to â€Å"traffic light colors† which consist or orange, red, yellow, and sometimes green. 3. If the test samples test positive for starches, then in the presence of Iodine, their colors if the test sample contains sugars, then the iodine will change from yellow-brown to blue-black. . If the test samples show the presence of lipids, the when the substance is placed onto a brown paper bag and sits for 10 minutes, then a translucent or opaque spot will appear. Materials: * 8 test tubes * test tube rack * test tube holder * glass stirring rod * sharpie marker * how water bath * iodine solution * brown paper bag * B iuret reagent * benedicts solution * 20 ml each: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Identifying Organic Compounds Lab or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page honey solution 2. egg white and water solution 3. gelatin and water solution 4. melted butter and water solution 5. apple juice and water solution 6. distilled water 7. unknown solution Procedures: Obtain materials from the basket at the back of the class. Use the Sharpie maker to label the test tubes 1-8. Note the corresponding solutions to be placed in the tubes from the material section of the lab. 2. Fill each test tube with 5 ml of the substance indicated on the test tube. (Approximately one â€Å"pinkie† joint) 3. Divide a piece of brown paper bag into 8 individual sections #1Honey| #2 Egg white| #3Gelatin| #4 Butter| #5Apple juice| #6Corn Oil| #7Water| #8Unknown| 4. In each section, using the glass-stirring rod, rub a small amount of food on to the paper bag in the appropriate section until a â€Å"wet† spot appears. The spot on the bottom would be corn oil #6 because it did contain lipids. 2. If water tested positive for organic compounds you can conclude that the water is not pure distilled water, or that the test tube may have been not washed properly and was mixed with another substance, 3. My experiment supported my hypothesis because it showed that the lipids did make the paper translucent, the starch did turn from a yellow-brown to a very dark blue-black, the sugars did turn â€Å"Traffic light colors† which are orange, red, yellow, and sometimes green and also the proteins did turn to â€Å"Easter egg colors† which where lavender, yellow, or green.

How useful is the concept of genre to media producers and audiences Essay Example

How useful is the concept of genre to media producers and audiences Paper All areas of media such as film, TV and music can be classified into recognisable types also known as genre. These can be divided by what is known as sub-genre. For example a film such as Rush hour can be classified into category of action-comedy. The main element of the film is action but has comedy within it so would fit into the sub-genre of action-comedy. Generic codes repeat with regularity and are useful to the producer of the film, the people who make it and the audience alike. Genre is a very useful tool, for the people whose idea it is to make the film, to the audience who finally consume it. The use of genre makes advertising a particular film an easier process. A film poster is quite an important aspect of a films advertising. This therefore means what is advertised on the poster is very important. The genre of the film must be instantly recognisable by a potential consumer of the film. Cabin Fever is a film where the genre is quickly recognised by the audience. The poster shows a hut in the distance, with a forest around it but only red and black colours are used. The use of the colours signifies to the audience blood and horror. The designer of the poster has used these colours because of the way audiences sub-consciously or not recognises certain generic codes. We often associate red with blood and also death, though on its own would not signify a horror film so we see a hut in the wilderness. Though most people would be able to tell this is a horror film at the top of the poster it says Terror In the flesh. Each genre will appeal to different people as everyone has their own tastes, so it is important for the producers of the film to use the codes and conventions associated with the film so that what is advertised applies to the genre it suggests. We will write a custom essay sample on How useful is the concept of genre to media producers and audiences specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How useful is the concept of genre to media producers and audiences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How useful is the concept of genre to media producers and audiences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Part of the success of the advertising campaign echoes from previous examples of that genre. A science fiction film may feature something that the audience will relate to, such as in Independence day where we see the distant earth with spaceships. We know what the genre will be and therefore whether to chose to see it. A proportion of the audience will go and see a film based on who directs it. Where a film is sold on the personality of the director, this is known as the auteur theory. These films are sold on the directors particular style and these films are a success because of it. Occasionally these films are often hard to categorise into a genre, as the directors individual style can mean they do not follow the conventions of a genre. Tarrantino is a director famous for his individual style. Two of his most well known films, Resevoir Dogs and Pulp fiction play on are expectations on the gangster genre. Through our experiences of watching gangster films we know what to expect, however with films such as the two suggested we enjoy watching films, which break the codes of that genre. A film such as Scarface is a gangster film that follows the typical codes that the audience expect from it. If the audience has experiences of seeing such films it makes watching Pulp Fiction more enjoyable as it breaks these conventions but still can be classified as a gangster film. What stars feature in a film can often determine the success and popularity of a film. Audiences will often go and see a film based on what actors or actresses star, and not what type of film it is. This means that genre is not always as important especially when the film is consumed on the basis of the stars in it. It makes it easier for producers to guarantee the success of a film by signing a famous star. This means that genre is not always as important to the audience if they decide whether to watch a film on who stars in it. Actors often stick to a particular genre of that they are best known for or are seen to act the best in. It can be risky for an actor to be in a film they are not familiar with, as they may not be able to adapt, which can be disappointing for the audience who are used to their chosen actor/ actress in a particular role. Arnold Schwarzenegger is well known for action films, such as in the Terminator series. When the audience knows that he is in a film they may want to go on see it because they like the role he plays, but also because they know the type of films that he is in. The auteur theory and who stars in a film shows that genre is not always useful to the audience. However genre is very important if we wish for our expectations in a film to be met. We use conventions to make us feel at home and deviating from aspects of a genre may confuse the audience or mean that their expectations are not met. A film such as Die hard follows many of the conventions that the audience would expect. It has a terrorist situation with peoples lives at risk. Against all odds the good guy manages to defeat the numerous enemy and the leader of the terrorists by using guns and various other weaponry. The main character Bruce Willis has a woman whose relationship whose relationship is in jeopardy. If the audience wanted to see an action film where the conventions of this genre are followed then Die hard would be a good choice as these are followed. Where the audience have the expectation of a film to be a certain way, we find it enjoyable where this is fulfilled at the end of the film. If this is not met the audience can feel disappointed that they have not seen what they expected. This can be quite dangerous for profucers and film makers, as if the audiences expectations have not been met they may feel cheated which can generate particular mistrust for a particular film maker or genre. This is the last thing producers and film makers want, which is why venturing into a new convention, or changing conventions of a genre is risky. However this can have its rewards but is a gamble on whether it will be a success or not. This is why the media world does not often see this. When producing something that the audience is familiar with it has a guaranteed success, as long it is of a reasonable standard. The media world is controlled by finance. The people and organisations that fund a particular project or product are often un-willing to back something with a lesser chance of success due to its diversity. This is understandable, as the media world is a business with the aim of achieving as much profit as possible. However where the genre is played on, can bring in the rewards. Sometimes a film does not meet our expectations, however this can sometimes be a good affect. Where a films genre has been messed about of changed we enjoy the unexpectedness of the genre being messed about with. Pulp Fiction is a film where the audience may feel this. At the start we feel at home because we have seen many other gangster films in the past but we enjoy the script which makes the characters talk like no ganters weve ever heard before. The situations are familiar to us, but the dialogue very different to what the audience expects. An example of this is when the characters played by Samuel L. Jackson and John Travolta are in a car talking about what each country calls a Macdonalds meal. Our enjoyment stems from our knowledge of genre however for the audience to appreciate this kind of experience they must have knowledge of the genre. We enjoy seeing the rules of the genre broken as long as the film-maker does not go to far so the audience isnt confused and perhaps disappointed with what theyve experienced. A fine balance has to be met so it is important that the film makers get it right. However rebellious or alternative we picture ourselves as we still like some level of organisation in the media texts we enjoy. This is what genre is used for and makes us feel secure through the genre workings. Genre is useful and enjoyable to the audience in that we like the anticipation of waiting for the predictable features. Though we may complain when a television programme such as Eastenders has a predictable setup, but one of the reasons we watch it is that we see our expectations fulfilled. The audience enjoys this, but sometimes we like the producers to surprise us. With all types of media, there are examples where the producer can go too far, and the audience can be lsft disappointed or confused. This can mean the audience will not watch the program again which is the last thing the producers want. In an episode of the x-files we expect some kind of investigation in Alien activity by Molder and Scully, however when the stand up comedy episode was aired I fely that this did not work and Id imagine other viewers would feel the same. These types of films usually come from a film company with a low film budget or from outside of Hollywood. This is because the film-makers, producers and director has less constraints which mean there is more freedom to make the film they want to. Hollywood is often reluctant to venture into a project with known risk as at the end of the day for many the aim for many is to make as much money as possible from the film. However in recent years Hollywood are seeing the benefits of changing conventions of genre, as the producers know how to meet our expectations, and so therefore also how to play with them. These films can often be considered low-art, as though they are very popular by consumers do not necessarily have to be of a high quality. As long as the mass-market continues to watch these films then Hollywood will follow particular genres very closely. Film producers use genre ton see what types of films are popular. Western films used to be very popular, however this genre has somewhat now gone out of fashion. This is why Hollywood does not make this genre of film for consumers. Hollywood aim is to achieve the pleasure of the majority of the population, which means genre is a useful tool in doing this. After all, the film industry is competing for the audiences leisure pound. If there is films in the cinema that few people wish to see then this leisure pounf will be spent on something elso. All forms of media are competing for this leisure pound, and so by appealing to the audiences tastes on genre is more makes it more likely for the audiences leisure pound to be spent on this. Many people find by finding what type of film or genre it is can determine whether they want to pay to see it. As action and comedy are two of the most popular genres by making a film such as rush hour which combines the two is likely to be popular. Even when we go to a video shop already knowing what type of film we want to watch, be it a night in with friends to watch a horror film or whatever. This is useful because we can easily pick out what films fall under this genre, as they are easily spotted or are categorised into genres.

Billabong Essays

Billabong Essays Billabong Essay Billabong Essay Billabong BY pooja275 Answer 3 AUDIT FIRM As per the Judicial obligation, Billabong International Limited appointed Pricewaterhouse Coopers as their audit firm. PWC is a London based multinational company known for its Professional Services. As an audit firm for Billabong, Pricewaterhouse reviews the companys accounting statements and determines the companys financial position. The lead auditor for Billabong is Steven BosilJevac. Steven BosilJevac is a partner at Pricewaterhouse Coopers. (Billabong Financial Report, 2013: 43) Answer 8 DEPRECIATION Land and building are shown at cost. Consecutive prices are encompassed in the assets carrying number or recognised as a distinct asset, as appropriate, merely after it is probable that upcoming commercial benefits associated alongside the item will flow to the group and the price of the item can be measured reliably. All repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement across the commercial era in that they are incurred. Accumulated depreciation Buildings 20-40 years Owned and leased plant and equipment 3-20 years Furniture, fittings and equipment 3-20 years Land has not been depreciated. Building, plant and equipment and furniture, fittings and equipment have been depreciated using the straight-line method. This method has been used to allocate the assets cost net of their residual values and over the period of their estimated useful lives. Total depreciation as of June 2013 stands at $34,866. Depreciation on building is $1,520, on plant and equipment is $31,919 and Plant and equipment under finance lease is $ 1,427. (Billabong Financial Report, 2013) Answer 9 Long-Term Liabilities Total long-term liabilities for Billabong International Limited amount to $239,250. This onsists of borrowings, deferred tax liabilities, provisions and other non-current liabilities. Borrowings account for the largest portion of the long-term liabilities. The total amount under borrowings sums up to $205,942. Other non- current liabilities liabilities have decreased from the financial year 2012 to the year 2013. (Billabong Financial Report, 2013) Answer 12 Current Ratio Current ratio is mainly concerned with a firms current assets and current liabilities. Current assets are those assets in a firms balance sheet that can be easily converted into cash within a short time frame. Eg. Accounts receivable. Current liabilities are those liabilities that are to be cleared within the time span of a year. Eg. Accounts payable. Current Ratio determines whether a firm has the ability to pay off its current liabilities. A ratio of 1:1 shows that current liabilities can be paid off using all of the current assets of the firm. A ratio higher than 1:1 shows that liabilities can be paid off without using all of the Current Assets. Whereas, a ratio less than 1:1 implies that the current assets of the firm are not enough to clear current liabilities. Current Ratio = Current assets / Current liabilities Billabongs Current Ratio : Current Asset/ Current Liabilities = 289,853/ 258,609 = 1. 12 : 1 Billabong International Limited has a current ratio of 1. 12 : 1. This indicates that Billabong will be able to clear its current liabilities using the current assets. However, this ratio also indicates that after clearing the current liabilities, Billabong will not be left with an adulatory amount of current assets. Reference list : Billabong Financial Report, 2013 : billabongbiz. com/phoenix. zhtml? c=1 reportsannual Farmdocdaily, Current Ratio : http://farmdocdaily. illinois. edu/2012/08/farm-liquidityyour-current. html

Ethical issues in medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethical issues in medicine - Essay Example n europe regarding a suicidal act was that if any person performs a suicidal act upon him, then the court of law used to order the local police to drag the body of that person on the streets, just to set an example for those, who wished to perform a suicidal act upon them (Emanuel, 1805-1810). By the end of the 18th century, Euthanasia was quite a controversial topic of discussion. Many experts had ejected the idea of euthanasia and considered to be morally and ethically illegal. But in 1828, for the first time ever in history of mankind, The constituiton of USA made assisted suicide illegal. However, By 1930, Euthanasia had started to gain strong support in USA and other westernicized socities of the world and they were in favor of it. By the 20th and ealy 21st century, Euthanasia has made strong progress in Europe. Countries like Netherlands and Belgium have made it legal. Even Australia and USA have made steps to legalize it. Euthanasia can be either an active euthanasia or passive euthanasia. Passive euthanasia refers to taking the life of the other person, at his request, by removing the life supporting means. There can be two kinds of life supporting means, ordinary life supporting means and extraordinary life supporting means. Ordinary life supporting means, such as food and water, are basic human needs, which are required by a person at regular intervals, in order to continue his life. In addition, any such death which is caused by the failure to provide the ordinary life supporting means does not comes under the definition of euthanasia. However, it is not necessary for a person to use extraordinary life supporting means to continue his life and a person also has an absolute freedom to discontinue any such medical treatment which can be categorized as an extraordinary life supporting mean. This is because, as there are many intricacies involved in deaths which are caused by the removal of extraordi nary life supporting means, so each such case of death